Auditory Neural Responses and Communicative Functioning in Children With Microcephaly Related to Congenital Zika Syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: Children with microcephaly exhibit neurodevelopmental delays and compromised communicative functioning, yielding challenges for clinical assessment and informed intervention. This study characterized auditory neural function and communication abilities in children with microcephaly due to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). DESIGN: Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at fast and slow stimulation rates and natural speech-evoked cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) were recorded in 25 Brazilian children with microcephaly related to CZS (M age: 5.93 ± 0.62 years) and a comparison group of 25 healthy children (M age: 5.59 ± 0.80 years) matched on age, sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Communication abilities in daily life were evaluated using caregiver reports on Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-3. RESULTS: Caregivers of children with microcephaly reported significantly lower than typical adaptive functioning in the communication and socialization domains. ABR wave I latency did not differ significantly between the groups, suggesting comparable peripheral auditory function. ABR wave V absolute latency and waves I-V interwave latency were significantly shorter in the microcephaly group for both ears and rates. CAEP analyses identified reduced N2 amplitudes in children with microcephaly as well as limited evidence of speech sound differentiation, evidenced mainly by the N2 response latency. Conversely, in the comparison group, speech sound differences were observed for both the P1 and N2 latencies. Exploratory analyses in the microcephaly group indicated that more adaptive communication was associated with greater speech sound differences in the P1 and N2 amplitudes. The trimester of virus exposure did not have an effect on the ABRs or CAEPs. CONCLUSIONS: Microcephaly related to CZS is associated with alterations in subcortical and cortical auditory neural function. Reduced ABR latencies differ from previous reports, possibly due to the older age of this cohort and careful assessment of peripheral auditory function. Cortical speech sound detection and differentiation are present but reduced in children with microcephaly. Associations between communication performance in daily life and CAEPs highlight the value of auditory evoked potentials in assessing clinical populations with significant neurodevelopmental disabilities.

Anaplastic lymphoma associated with breast implants-Early diagnosis and treatment.

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma associated with breast implants is a relatively new disease that deserves attention from the academic community. Brazil figures as one of the protagonists in plastic surgery, however publications are insufficient and very few cases are reported in comparison to other countries. It is a disease with excellent prognosis when diagnosed early and treated effectively, but for this to happen, it is essential that health care professionals and the patient understand its pathology. We reported two cases in a small town during a short period of time. In both cases reported by this study, the patients presented late seroma, associated with pain as a clinical presentation, at 13 and 9 years after the placement of silicone implants with textured polyurethane surfaces. After the procedure, the patients were screened for cancer. Further research with more robust samples is still needed to fully determine the risks and benefits of using textured versus smooth implants.

Brain abscesses due to odontogenic infection: Case series.

Brain abscesses due to odontogenic infection are infrequent, but they deserve attention due to the high incidence of serious complications and the high mortality rate. This article aimed to report five cases of cerebral abscess due to odontogenic infection, of patients attended in the Clinical Hospital of Medical School of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). In all cases, treatment consisted of draining the brain abscess, antibiotic therapy and extraction of all teeth responsible for the infection. Streptococcus spp. was the causative agent of all the cases reported in this article. The purpose of the study was to highlight the importance of the dental approach for the resolution of cases.

A prospective study of neurodevelopmental trends between 3 and 24 months in normocephalic infants with prenatal Zika virus exposure: Evidence of emerging communication delays in the NATZIG cohort.

Developmental trends between 3 and 24 months were assessed in 194 normocephalic infants with prenatal Zika virus exposure. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Screening Test-3rd Edition cognitive scores remained in the typical range. Communication skills developed at a slower rate suggesting that neurodevelopmental delays may emerge at older ages.

Comprehensive evaluation of risk factors for neonatal hearing loss in a large Brazilian cohort.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and risk factors of hearing loss (HL) in Brazilian neonates. STUDY DESIGN: 11,900 neonates were screened for hearing and congenital CMV (cCMV). Low and high-risk babies who did not pass their hearing screening and infants with cCMV were scheduled for a diagnostic audiologic evaluation. RESULTS: The incidence of HL was 2 per 1000 live-born infants (95% CI: 1-3). HL was higher in high-risk neonates than in low risk babies (18.6 vs. 0.3/1000 live births, respectively). Among infants exposed to isolated risk factors, association of HL with craniofacial abnormalities/syndromes (RR = 24.47; 95% CI: 5.9-100.9) and cCMV (RR = 9.54; 95% CI: 3.3-27.7) were observed. HL was 20 to 100-fold more likely in neonates exposed to ototoxic drugs in combination with cCMV or craniofacial/congenital anomalies. CONCLUSIONS: Strategies for the prevention of cCMV and exposure to ototoxic drugs may decrease the incidence of HL in this population.

Functional Impact of Tinnitus in Patients with Hearing Loss.

Introduction Tinnitus, which is considered the third worst symptom for humans, is a common complaint among people living with hearing loss and may negatively affect the quality of life of those who have it. Objective To analyze the perception of the handicap in patients with tinnitus and hearing loss as well as the possible associations between the variables hearing loss, loudness, onset, frequency and annoyance by tinnitus, and the correlation between the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Methods A total of 30 patients with complaints of tinnitus and the presence of sensorineural hearing impairment were selected for this cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study. The loudness of the tinnitus was measured by a VAS and classified as mild, moderate, or severe. The THI was classified as slight, mild, moderate, severe, and catastrophic. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using the Fisher exact test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results Eleven male (36.7%) and 19 female (63.3%) subjects with a mean age of 56.5 years old were evaluated. There was no significant association between loudness, annoyance, time and frequency of tinnitus, nor between hearing loss and tinnitus. There was a significant association between the variables hearing loss and loudness, and a weak correlation between VAS and THI. Conclusion Tinnitus has a practical impact in the lives of patients with hearing loss in terms of catastrophic, functional, and emotional aspects, regardless of loudness, frequency, or time of onset. Hearing loss was a factor that had an impact on the loudness of tinnitus. There was no statistically significant correlation between VAS and THI.

Contribution of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection to Permanent Hearing Loss in a Highly Seropositive Population: The Brazilian Cytomegalovirus Hearing and Maternal Secondary Infection Study.

BACKGROUND: The exact contribution of congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMVI) to permanent hearing loss (HL) in highly seropositive populations is unknown. We determined the contribution of cCMVI to HL and estimated the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening (HS) in identifying neonates with CMV-related HL. METHODS: A total of 11 900 neonates born from a population with ≥97% maternal seroprevalence were screened for cCMVI and HL. cCMVI was confirmed by detection of CMV-DNA in saliva and urine at age <3 weeks. RESULTS: Overall, 68 (0.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4-0.7) neonates were identified with cCMVI. Of the 91 (0.8%) newborns who failed the HS, 24 (26.4%) were confirmed with HL, including 7 (29.2%; 95% CI, 17.2-59.3) with cCMVI. Another newborn with cCMVI passed the HS but was confirmed with HL at age 21 days. Of the 62 neonates with cCMVI who underwent a complete hearing evaluation, 8 (12.9%; 95% CI, 6.7-23.4) had HL and most (7/8; 87.5%; 95% CI, 46.6-99.7) were identified by HS. The rate of CMV-related HL was 8 per 11 887 neonates (0.7 per 1000 live births). The prevalence ratio of HL among neonates with cCMVI compared to CMV-uninfected neonates was 89.5 (95% CI, 39.7-202.0). No late-onset cCMVI-related HL was detected during a median follow-up of 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: cCMVI is an important cause of HL in childhood in all settings. Integrating targeted cCMVI screening among neonates who fail a HS could be a reasonable, cost-effective strategy to identify newborns with early-onset cCMVI-related HL.

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver in elderly: Case report and review of the literature.

Sarcomas are rare lesions of the liver and represent <1% of primary liver tumors. Embryonic sarcoma (undifferentiated) of the liver is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor that usually occurs in children with a peak incidence between 6 and 10 years. In adults, it is extremely rare with only 13 cases described in patients older than 40 years and 68 cases reported in patients older than 15 years. There is a slight predominance of females in adults. With an emphasis on morphological and immunohistochemical features, as well as on clinical data and imaging studies, we present this case report, in addition to extensive literature review on the topic.

Rede de relações em um serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência: análise de uma equipe de trabalho / Relationship network at a mobile urgent care service unit: analysis of a work team

Introdução: Os profissionais que trabalham no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) lidam com situações extremas, as quais exigem altas demandas psicológicas. Objetivo: Investigar as redes de relações entre trabalhadores do SAMU-Ceará, no Nordeste do Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa, em que foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com uma equipe do SAMU-Ceará. Primeiramente, para traçar as redes de relacionamento, foram entrevistados três profissionais do serviço, entre médicos e enfermeiros. Com base nessas entrevistas, entrevistaram-se mais dois trabalhadores, que foram citados pelos entrevistados anteriores. Para a análise textual dos discursos obtidos, foi empregado o programa Interface de R pour lês Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (iRaMuTeQ). As características estruturais da rede, como tamanho e densidade, foram conferidas pelos softwares UCINET 6.123 e NetDraw 2.38. Resultados: Os entrevistados estavam no serviço havia pelo menos um ano. As conexões configuradas com base nas entrevistas evidenciaram a inter-relação entre as redes dos entrevistados, e observamos a prevalência de vínculos fracos e desarticulados, muito embora dois dos entrevistados trabalhassem no mesmo setor. Na análise dos discursos, obtivemos três classes: 1) características do trabalho em equipe e sua forma peculiar de execução; 2) aspectos relacionais e subjetivos voltados para a administração; 3) natureza dos serviços prestados. Conclusões: As redes sociais no SAMUCeará expressam um conjunto de colaboradores que se relacionam para responder às demandas dos usuários de maneira integrada, tentando respeitar a autonomia de cada um, contudo as redes revelam conflitos, ocasionando sofrimento psíquico no trabalho

Introduction: Professionals at the Mobile Urgent Care Service (Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência ­ SAMU) face extreme situations which pose high psychological demands. Objective: To investigate networks of relationships among employees of SAMU-Ceará, in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: Case study of qualitative nature in which we conducted semi-structured interviews with SAMU-Ceará staff. To draw the relationship network, we first interviewed three professionals including physicians and nurses. Based on their narratives, we interviewed two further employees named by the former. We used program Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (iRaMuTeQ) for textual analysis of the narratives obtained. Structural network characteristics, such as size and density, were analyzed with software UCINET 6.123 and NetDraw 2.38. Results: The interviewees had worked at the service for one year at least. The connections identified based on the interviews evidenced interrelationship between networks involving the interviewees. The links found were weak and unarticulated, even though two interviewees worked in the same department. Discourse analysis yielded three classes: 1) teamwork characteristics and peculiar ways to execute work; 2) relational and subjective aspects centered on management; and 3) nature of the service delivered. Conclusions: The social networks at SAMU-Ceará represent a set of workers who establish mutual relationships to satisfy the demands and needs of service users in an integrated manner while attempting to respect the knowledge and autonomy of each member. Nevertheless, the networks evidenced conflict which is a cause of mental suffering at work.

Relationship network at a mobile urgent care service unit: analysis of a work team.

INTRODUCTION: Professionals at the Mobile Urgent Care Service (Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência - SAMU) face extreme situations which pose high psychological demands. OBJECTIVE: To investigate networks of relationships among employees of SAMU-Ceará, in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Case study of qualitative nature in which we conducted semi-structured interviews with SAMU-Ceará staff. To draw the relationship network, we first interviewed three professionals including physicians and nurses. Based on their narratives, we interviewed two further employees named by the former. We used program Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (iRaMuTeQ) for textual analysis of the narratives obtained. Structural network characteristics, such as size and density, were analyzed with software UCINET 6.123 and NetDraw 2.38. RESULTS: The interviewees had worked at the service for one year at least. The connections identified based on the interviews evidenced interrelationship between networks involving the interviewees. The links found were weak and unarticulated, even though two interviewees worked in the same department. Discourse analysis yielded three classes: 1) teamwork characteristics and peculiar ways to execute work; 2) relational and subjective aspects centered on management; and 3) nature of the service delivered. CONCLUSIONS: The social networks at SAMU-Ceará represent a set of workers who establish mutual relationships to satisfy the demands and needs of service users in an integrated manner while attempting to respect the knowledge and autonomy of each member. Nevertheless, the networks evidenced conflict which is a cause of mental suffering at work.

INTRODUÇÃO: Os profissionais que trabalham no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) lidam com situações extremas, as quais exigem altas demandas psicológicas. OBJETIVO: Investigar as redes de relações entre trabalhadores do SAMU-Ceará, no Nordeste do Brasil. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa, em que foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com uma equipe do SAMU-Ceará. Primeiramente, para traçar as redes de relacionamento, foram entrevistados três profissionais do serviço, entre médicos e enfermeiros. Com base nessas entrevistas, entrevistaram-se mais dois trabalhadores, que foram citados pelos entrevistados anteriores. Para a análise textual dos discursos obtidos, foi empregado o programa Interface de R pour lês Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (iRaMuTeQ). As características estruturais da rede, como tamanho e densidade, foram conferidas pelos softwares UCINET 6.123 e NetDraw 2.38. RESULTADOS: Os entrevistados estavam no serviço havia pelo menos um ano. As conexões configuradas com base nas entrevistas evidenciaram a inter-relação entre as redes dos entrevistados, e observamos a prevalência de vínculos fracos e desarticulados, muito embora dois dos entrevistados trabalhassem no mesmo setor. Na análise dos discursos, obtivemos três classes: 1) características do trabalho em equipe e sua forma peculiar de execução; 2) aspectos relacionais e subjetivos voltados para a administração; 3) natureza dos serviços prestados. CONCLUSÕES: As redes sociais no SAMU-Ceará expressam um conjunto de colaboradores que se relacionam para responder às demandas dos usuários de maneira integrada, tentando respeitar a autonomia de cada um, contudo as redes revelam conflitos, ocasionando sofrimento psíquico no trabalho.

Pesquisa-ação na perspectiva da enfermagem em educação ambiental: da teoria à prática / Research-action in the perspective of nursing in environmental education: from theory to practice / Investigación-acción en la perspectiva de la enfermería en educación ambiental: de la teoría a la práctica

Objetivo: relatar as experiências de educação ambiental com crianças de uma escola de ensino fundamental, desenvolvidas por estudantes do curso de graduação de enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, que utilizou a técnica da pesquisa-ação, com alunos do curso de graduação em Enfermagem de uma faculdade privada e alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental do interior do Ceará. Adotou-se o arcabouço teórico de Paulo Freire e os dados foram produzidos através da observação participante. Resultados: os dados foram selecionados e codificados em cinco temas geradores: Poluição ambiental, Efeito estufa, Consumo racional da água, Preservação da natureza e Reciclagem. Cada tema gerador iniciava-se sempre com uma situação problematizadora e motivadora de discussões. Conclusão: a prática da enfermagem na educação ambiental encontra-se fortemente relacionada com os constructos da Saúde Coletiva, reconhecendo os fatores determinantes e condicionantes envolvidos no processo saúde doença.(AU)

Objective: to report environmental education experiences held with children of an elementary school developed by undergraduate nursing students. Method: descriptive study of the type case report that used the research-action technique with undergraduate nursing students of a private univerdity and students of the 5th grade of elementary school in the countryside of Ceará. The theoretical framework of Paulo Freire was adopted and data were produced through participant observation. Results: data were selected and coded into five generating themes: Environmental pollution, Global warming, Conscious water consumption, Preservation of nature and Recycling. Each generator theme was initiated always with a problematical situation and motivating discussions. Conclusion: the practice of nursing in environmental education is strongly related to the constructs of Public Health, recognizing determinant and conditioning factors involved in the healthdisease process.(AU)

Objetivo: relatar las experiencias de educación ambiental con niños de una escuela de enseñanza básica, desarrolladas por estudiantes del curso de graduación de enfermería. Método: estudio descriptivo, del tipo relato de experiencia, que utilizo la técnica da investigación-acción, con alumnos del curso de graduación en Enfermería de una facultad privada y alumnos de 5º año de enseñanza primaria del interior de Ceará. Se adoptó la base teórica de Paulo Freire y los datos fueron producidos a través de la observación participante. Resultados: los datos fueron seleccionados y codificados en cinco temas generadores: Polución ambiental, Efecto estufa, Consumo racional del agua, Preservación de la naturaleza y Reciclaje. Cada tema generador se iniciaba siempre con una situación problematizadora y motivadora de discusiones. Conclusión: la práctica de la enfermería en la educación ambiental se encuentra fuertemente relacionada con los constructos de la Salud Colectiva, reconociendo los factores determinantes y condicionantes envueltos en el proceso saludenfermedad.(AU)

Proficiency of DNA repair genes and microsatellite instability in operated colorectal cancer patients with clinical suspicion of lynch syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome (LS) diagnosis is underestimated, and most of the patients remain undetected after colorectal resections. The study aims to assess the frequency of LS in patients undergoing surgical treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: A total of 458 CRC patients were operated from January 2005 to December 2008. Positive CRC family history (FH) was present in 118 (25.8%) patients. Histologic sections were reviewed for microsatellite instability (MSI) criteria (Bethesda guidelines), immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 proteins, through the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, MSI (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24 and MONO-27) and BRAF somatic mutation. RESULTS: Of the 118 patients with FH, 61 (51.69%) met at least one of the revised Bethesda criteria. IHC was abnormal in 8 (13.1%) and MSI in 12 patients (20%). BRAF was negative in all cases. MSI histopathological included: intratumoral lymphocytes (47.5%), expansive tumors (29.5%) mucinous component (27.8%) and Crohn's like reaction in (14.7%). There was an association between the revised Bethesda criteria with: sex, mucinous histology and Crohn's like reaction; MSI and IHC with PMS2 and MLH1. Revised Bethesda criteria 4 had 10.6 increased chances to display positive MSI. We have proposed a score to contribute as a practical tool in the diagnosis of LS. CONCLUSIONS: The frequence of LS in resected CRC patients was 2.6%. The criterion 4 Revised Bethesda was associated more strongly with the presence of MSI.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: report of two cases and literature review / Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares: relato de dois casos e revisão da literatura

ABSTRACTFollicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a rare neoplasm, first described in 1986 by Monda. Case 1: A female patient, 50-year-old performed abdominal computed tomography scan that detected a tumor lesion of 8.0 cm in the mesentery. She underwent resection of the lesion. Microscopic examination revealed epithelioid neoplasm, interspersed with lymphocytes, and positive immunohistochemical staining for CD21 and CD35. The patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Case 2: A male patient, 21-year-old presented right-sided neck mass measuring 7.0 cm. The biopsy revealed proliferation of spindle cells, interspersed with inflammatory infiltrate and storiform arrangement, and positive immunohistochemical staining for CD21 and CD23. The patient underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy and surgical resection.

RESUMOSarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares é uma neoplasia rara, descrita pela primeira vez em 1986 por Monda. Caso 1: Paciente do sexo feminino, 50 anos, realizou tomografia computadorizada de abdômen que detectou lesão tumoral de 8,0 cm em mesentério. Foi submetida à ressecção da lesão. A microscopia revelou neoplasia epitelioide, com linfócitos de permeio e expressão imuno-histoquímica de CD21 e CD35. A paciente foi submetida à quimioterapia adjuvante. Caso 2: Paciente do sexo masculino, 21 anos, com massa cervical direita medindo 7,0 cm. A biópsia evidenciou proliferação de células fusiformes, com infiltrado inflamatório de permeio e arranjo estoriforme, com expressão imuno-histoquímica de CD21 e CD23. O paciente foi submetido a radioterapia neoadjuvante e ressecção cirúrgica.

Análise da produção científica sobre avaliação, no contexto da saúde da família, em periódicos brasileiros / Analysis of scientific production on evaluation, in the context of family health, in Brazilian journals

Este estudo buscou analisar a bibliografia relacionada à avaliação no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família, no Brasil, em periódicos de saúde coletiva, de 2003 a 2012. A análise concentrou-se na identificação de 'autores', 'ano de publicação', 'instituição do primeiro autor', 'periódico', 'local', 'método utilizado', 'marco conceitual' e 'grupo de estudos'. O corpus documental contou com 20 artigos completos, que demonstraram intensificação na produção de estudos na área da avaliação. Nas abordagens metodológicas prevaleceram estudos quantitativos, com diversidade de marcos conceituais. Portanto, mensurações sobre o impacto de ações da ESF são imprescindíveis na melhoria da qualidade da avaliação e da própria ESF, no contexto da saúde coletiva.

This study aims to analyze the bibliography related to the assessment in the context of the Family Health Strategy, in Brazil, in Collective Health journals, from 2003 to 2012. The analysis has concentrated on the identification of authors, 'year of publication', 'institution of the first author', 'place', 'used method', 'conceptual landmark' and 'group of studies'. The documentary Corpus counted on 20 complete articles that have demonstrated intensification in the production of studies in the evaluation area. In the methodological approaches quantitative studies had prevailed, with diversity of conceptual landmarks. Therefore, measurements about the impact of the ESF actions are essential in the improvement of the quality of evaluation and the ESF itself, in the collective health context.

Analysis of otoacoustic emissions in neonates at term and preterm.

UNLABELLED: The transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) have been widely used in neonatal hearing screening. OBJECTIVE: To compare the TEOAEs in newborns at term and preterm vis-à-vis the following variables: ear side, gender, frequency spectrum and gestational age. METHOD: By means of a cross-sectional cohort of 66 newborns up to the 28th day of life (41 newborns at term and 25 premature babies), we recorded TEOAEs. All the individuals did not have risk indicators for hearing loss. RESULTS: There was a signal/noise ratio improvement with frequency increase. No differences were observed between genders and between the ears, but there were differences among the children born at term and preterm in the frequency bands at 3 kHz and 4 kHz. CONCLUSION: The TEOAEs test is important for assessing the peripheral auditory system of newborns at term and preterm, making it possible to have responses regardless of gender and gestational age.

Analise das emissoes otoacusticas transientes em recem-nascidos a termo e pre-termo / Analysis of otoacoustic emissions in neonates at term and preterm

As emissões otoacústicas evocadas transientes (EOAE-T) têm sido a técnica mais empregada na triagem auditiva neonatal. OBJETIVO: Comparar as EOAE-T em recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo, em relação às variáveis: lado da orelha, gênero, espectro de frequência e idade gestacional. MÉTODO: Foram registrados, por meio de um estudo clínico de coorte transversal, as EOAE-T de 66 recém-nascidos, até 28 dias de vida, sendo 41 recém-nascidos a termo e 25 recém-nascidos pré-termo, todos sem indicadores de risco para perda auditiva. RESULTADOS: Houve melhora da relação sinal/ ruído com o aumento da frequência. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os gêneros e entre as orelhas, porém, houve diferenças entre os recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo nas bandas de frequência de 3 kHz e 4 kHz. CONCLUSÃO: O exame de EOAE-T é importante para a avaliação do sistema auditivo periférico de recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo, sendo possível visualizar respostas independentemente do gênero e idade gestacional. .

The transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) have been widely used in neonatal hearing screening. OBJECTIVE: To compare the TEOAEs in newborns at term and preterm vis-à-vis the following variables: ear side, gender, frequency spectrum and gestational age. METHOD: By means of a cross-sectional cohort of 66 newborns up to the 28th day of life (41 newborns at term and 25 premature babies), we recorded TEOAEs. All the individuals did not have risk indicators for hearing loss. RESULTS: There was a signal/noise ratio improvement with frequency increase. No differences were observed between genders and between the ears, but there were differences among the children born at term and preterm in the frequency bands at 3 kHz and 4 kHz. CONCLUSION: The TEOAEs test is important for assessing the peripheral auditory system of newborns at term and preterm, making it possible to have responses regardless of gender and gestational age. .

A report of extended high frequency audiometry thresholds in school-age children with no hearing complaints.

The aim of the study was to establish the extended high frequency thresholds (EHF) of school-age children with no hearing complaints. The study was conducted on 50 children aged 8 to 12 years with pure tone thresholds (0.5, 1 and 2 kHz) of 15 dB HL or less, with normal speech discrimination and tympanometry and with the presence of contralateral acoustic reflexes of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz. The children were tested for EHF at frequencies of 9, 10, 11.2, 12.5, 14 and 16 kHz. No significant differences were found between the right and left ear for female and male groups. The results allowed us to group the children into a single sample with mean thresholds (dB) of 8.6 (9 kHz), 6.2 (10 kHz), 8.2 (11.2 kHz), 7.1 (12.5 kHz), 0.4 (14 kHz), and -3.6 (16 kHz). We conclude that, for school-age children, the extended EHF below 15 dBHL could be used as an indication of normal hearing sensitivity.

Implantação de uma rede de atenção as vítimas de acidentes de trânsito que apresentam como sequela o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) no município de Igarassu - PE / Implementation of a network of care to victims of traffic accidents which hae the sequel of post - traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the municipality of Igarassu - PE

O acidente de trânsito é um dos mais graves problemas de saúde pública e já é considerado uma epidemia que atinge vários países, ocasionando diversas consequências, que têm exigido ações públicas em vários âmbitos, inclusive no segmento da saúde. Os acidentes de trânsito podem marcar a vida dos sujeitos e daqueles que são seus pelo resto de suas vidas, deixando sequelas de graus variados entre os sobreviventes. Sequelas que muitas vezes não visíveis, mensuráveis e/ou palpáveis e sim invisíveis como é o caso de alguns transtornos mentais, entre eles o transtorno de estresses pós-traumático (TEPT). O TEPT é um transtorno de ansiedade desencadeado após a exposição a um evento traumático que ameace a integridade física do indivíduo ou de terceiros, de difícil diagnóstico, principalmente, correlacionado com os impactos e as consequências negativas psicossociais da violência dos acidentes de trânsito, o que faz com que muitos pacientes fiquem tendo várias intercorrências nos serviços de urgência e emergência sem um diagnóstico e tratamento preciso. Sendo assim, o presente projeto apresenta a proposta para implantação de uma rede de acompanhamento para as vítimas de acidentes de trânsito do município de Igarassu que apresentam como sequela o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). Através de sensibilização dos profissionais de saúde e da criação de um fluxo para encaminhamento das vítimas que apresentam sofrimento psíquico para os serviços de referência em saúde mental no município...

Avaliação dos efeitos da radiofrequência no tecido conjuntivo / Evaluation of the radiofrequency effects on connective tissue

A radiofrequência é um tipo de corrente de alta frequência que gera calor por conversão, atingindo profundamente as camadas tissulares promovendo a oxigenação, nutrição e vasodilatação dos tecidos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da radiofrequência no tecido colágeno de ratos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa experimental, tendo como amostra 20 ratos pesando entre 250 g e 300 g, de ambos os sexos, da linhagem Wistar (Rattos norvegicos albinus). Os animais foram divididos em cinco grupos com três aplicações de radiofrequência em dias alternados e sacrifício em períodos distintos a contar após a última aplicação de cada grupo, da seguinte forma: grupo-controle (n=4) não sofreu aplicação de radiofrequência e teve sacrifício em 21 dias grupo II (n=4), com sacrifício em 24 horas grupo III (n=4) com sacrifício em sete dias grupo IV (n=4) com sacrifício em 15 dias e grupo V (n=4) com sacrifício em 21 dias. Utilizou-se a radiofrequência com frequência de 0,5 MHz em uma área de 5cm² do dorso do animal por um tempo de dois minutos após atingir a temperatura superficial da pele de 37ºC. Os dados demonstraram que até sete dias após as aplicações o colágeno sofreu modificações tornando-se mais denso, com presença de neocolagêneses, porém após 15 dias não ocorreram mais evidências importantes na formação neocolágena, mas foi detectada a neoelastogêneses, que também esteve presente na análise de 21 dias. A quantidade de novas fibras elásticas foi maior significativamente (p=0,0002) após análise estatística quando comparada ao grupo-controle. Sugere-se uma frequência de tratamento de no mínimo sete dias e que há permanência de efeitos da radiofrequência no tecido colágeno até 15 dias.

Reeducação da sensibilidade da mão: desenvolvimento de um modelo de luva sensorial / Retraining the sensitivity of the hand: development of a sensory glove model

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo de luva sensorial e testá-lo em indivíduos não portadores de alterações sensoriais dos membros superiores, treinados a substituir o tato pela audição. MÉTODOS: Para a confecção do equipamento foram utilizados: luva de tecido, minimicrofones, amplificador e fones de ouvido. Sete sujeitos do sexo feminino, idade média de 26,28 anos (±1,03), foram selecionados para utilizar o equipamento e diferenciar texturas após treinamento. O treinamento ocorreu por sete dias, quinze minutos diários e teve como objetivo a identificação de texturas pelo som, utilizando a luva sensorial. Ao final todos os sujeitos responderam a um questionário. RESULTADOS: Todos os sujeitos classificaram o uso da luva como "confortável". Três sujeitos (42 por cento) classificaram o aspecto estético do equipamento como "ótimo", dois sujeitos (28,57 por cento) como "bom", e dois sujeitos (28,57 por cento) como "regular". Seis sujeitos (85,7 por cento) identificaram as texturas apenas pelo som e um sujeito (14,3 por cento) relatou que foi auxiliado pelo tato. CONCLUSÃO: Foi viável a confecção de um modelo de luva sensorial com tecnologia nacional de fácil acesso e custo relativamente baixo, possibilitando a identificação de texturas pelo som durante o uso do equipamento por indivíduos treinados a substituir o tato pela audição. Nivel de Evidência II, Prospectivo Comparativo.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a sensory glove model and test it in subjects with normal sensitivity in the upper limbs, who have been trained to replace hearing with touch. METHODS: To make the equipment, a glove, mini-microphones, amplifier and headphones were used. Seven female subjects, with a mean age of 26.28 years (± 1.03) were selected to use the equipment and differentiate textures after training. The training took place over seven days, fifteen minutes a day, with the aim of identifying textures through sound, using the sensory glove. At the end all subjects answered a questionnaire. RESULTS: All the subjects rated the use of the glove as "comfortable". Three subjects (42 percent) rated the aesthetic appearance of the equipment as "excellent", two subjects (28.57 percent) as "good", and two subjects (28.57 percent) as "regular." Six subjects (85.7 percent) identified the textures by sound alone, and one subject (14.3 percent) reported that he was aided by touch. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to manufacture a model of sensory glove using national technology that is readily accessible and relatively low cost, enabling the identification of textures through sound when the equipment is used by individuals trained to replace hearing with touch. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.